4. This question is about transverse waves. Adam throws a stone into a lake. He watches the waves move towards the edge. The distance between each wave is 10 cm. Adam counts two complete waves reaching the edge in each second. (a) Calculate the speed of the wave. You must show how you work out your answer, including and equation used. wave speed = .......... unit = .......... [4] (b) The waves travelling towards the edge of the lake are reflected. Finish the diagram to show how these three waves are reflected from the edge. [3] (c) Adam goes to another part of the lake where there is a beach. He throws in a stone. This is what he sees. (i) Suggest why the wave are getting closer together as they move towards the beach. (ii) Adam notices that the waves get more difficult to see as they spread out across the water. What happens to the amplitude of the wavesas they spread out? [1] Explain why. [1] (d) Adam uses a ripple tank to try to reproduce the effect he saw in the lake. He places a sheet of glass under the water on the right hand side of the tank. (i) State what happens to each of the following as the ripples change direction in the tank. wavelength [1] speed [1] frequency [1] (ii) On the diagram, carefully draw a line to show the edge of the glass sheet that causesthe ripples to change direction. 5. Tom cycles to school each morning along astraight flat road. The graph shows his speed for the first 18 seconds of his journey to school. (a) During the first 8 seconds of the journey, Tom's acceleration was constant. (i) How can you tell this from the graph? [1] (ii) Calculate his acceleration during this 8 s period. You must show how you work out your answer, including any equation used. acceleration = .......... unit = .......... [4] (iii) In the first 8 seconds, Tom travelled about 13 m. Describe how this could be worked out using the graph. [1] (b) Tom and his bicycle have a combined mass of 60 kg. (i) Calculate the total kinetic energy of Tom and his bicycle after 10 s. You must show how you work out your answer and any equation used. kinetic energy = .......... J [3] (ii) On another morning, Tom reaches a speed of 1.5 m/s after only 1 second of his journey. Calculate the average force needed for Tom to reach this speed after 1 second. You must show how your work out your answer, including any equation used. force = .......... N [3] 6. This question is about using electricity. This simple circuit can be used to light a bulb. (a) The current from a battery is direct current. The current from the mains supply is alternating current. Use your ideas about electron movement to explain the difference between direct current and alternating current. [2] (b) The voltage of the battery is 12 V. The current through the bulb is 0.5 A. Calculate the power transferred to the bulb. You must show how you work out your answer, including any equation used. power = .......... unit = .......... [4] (c) The circuit is switched on. Calculate the charge which flows through thebulb in 5 minutes. You must show how you work out your answer, including any equation used. charge = .......... unit = ..........

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